1. Structure of India
- Article 14: Ensures equality earlier than the legislation and prohibits discrimination.
- Article 15(1): Prohibits discrimination based mostly on intercourse.
Directive Ideas of State Coverage:
- Article 39(d): The State shall, particularly, direct its coverage in direction of securing— (d) that there’s equal pay for equal work for each women and men;
- Article 42: The State shall make provision for securing simply and humane situations of labor and for maternity reduction.
2. The Safety of Girls from Home Violence Act, 2005
Why Girls Should Know: Home violence isn’t just bodily abuse; it contains emotional, sexual, and financial abuse. Many ladies endure struggling resulting from a lack of understanding about their proper to safety and authorized treatments.
- Part 3: Defines home violence to incorporate bodily, emotional, sexual, and financial abuse.
- Part 18: Grants safety orders stopping an abuser from inflicting additional hurt.
- Part 19: Ensures residence rights, permitting a girl to remain in her matrimonial house.
- Part 20 & 22: Supplies monetary compensation, upkeep, and damages to victims.
3. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Why Girls Should Know: Regardless of authorized prohibitions, dowry-related harassment and deaths proceed to happen. Girls should perceive their proper to refuse dowry calls for and take authorized motion towards perpetrators.
- Part 3: Penalizes giving or taking dowry with imprisonment as much as 5 years and advantageous.
- Part 4: Criminalizes calls for for dowry, straight or not directly.
4. The Sexual Harassment of Girls at Office (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act, 2013
Why Girls Should Know: Many ladies expertise office harassment however hesitate to report it resulting from worry of retaliation or job loss. Consciousness of authorized rights ensures ladies can work in a secure atmosphere.
- Part 2(n): Defines sexual harassment as unwelcome advances, remarks, and bodily contact.
- Part 4: Mandates each office with 10+ workers to arrange an Inner Complaints Committee.
- Part 9: Supplies a mechanism for submitting complaints confidentially.
5. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956
Why Girls Should Know: Many ladies are denied their rightful share in household property resulting from outdated customs. Authorized consciousness helps ladies declare their inheritance.
- Part 6-A: Grants daughters equal rights in ancestral property.
- Part 14: Acknowledges a girl’s absolute possession of her property.
- Part 15: Ensures a girl’s heirs inherit her self-acquired property
6. The Muslim Girls (Safety of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019
Why Girls Should Know: Many Muslim ladies undergo resulting from prompt triple talaq. This legislation supplies authorized safety towards arbitrary divorce.
- Part 3: Criminalizes prompt triple talaq (talaq-e-biddat).
- Part 5: Ensures upkeep for divorced Muslim ladies.
7. The Maternity Profit Act, 1961 (Amended 2017)
Why Girls Should Know: Many ladies are unaware of their rights to paid maternity go away and office assist throughout being pregnant.
- Part 5: Grants ladies 26 weeks of paid maternity go away.
- Part 11A: Mandates crèche amenities for institutions with 50+ workers.
- Part 12: Protects ladies from termination resulting from being pregnant.
8. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita – New Legal Legal guidelines
- Part 69 (BNS): Criminalizes sexual activity underneath deceitful means, together with false guarantees of marriage, with a punishment of as much as ten years imprisonment and a advantageous.
- Part 78 (BNS): Defines stalking as a person’s repeated makes an attempt to contact a girl regardless of her clear disinterest, or monitoring her digital communications. Exceptions embody actions for crime prevention, authorized compliance, or justified circumstances. Penalties vary from as much as three years’ imprisonment and fines for a primary conviction, to as much as 5 years’ imprisonment and fines for subsequent conviction
- Part 85 (BNS): If a husband or his family topic a girl to cruelty, they’ll face imprisonment of as much as three years and a advantageous. This provision goals to guard ladies from home violence, harassment, and abuse inside marriage, reinforcing authorized penalties for mistreatment by in-laws and spouses.
- Part 184 (BNSS): A medical examination of a rape sufferer (or sufferer of an try to rape) have to be carried out by a registered medical practitioner in a authorities or native authority hospital inside 24 hours of receiving data, with the sufferer’s consent or that of a licensed particular person. The medical report should embody the sufferer’s particulars, accidents, psychological situation, and materials for DNA profiling, together with causes for conclusions and time of examination. The report have to be forwarded to the investigating officer inside seven days, who will submit it to the Justice of the Peace. No examination may be carried out with out consent.
- Part 179 (BNSS): Girls can’t be compelled to seem at a police station or another place exterior their residence for questioning throughout an investigation. As an alternative, their statements have to be recorded at their place of residence, guaranteeing their security and comfort. Nevertheless, if a girl willingly chooses to attend the police station, she could also be permitted to take action. This provision safeguards ladies from pointless misery and ensures larger sensitivity in police procedures.
- Part 180 (BNSS): Throughout an investigation, law enforcement officials can study witnesses, however a girl’s assertion in circumstances involving sexual offences, stalking, voyeurism, and different crimes towards ladies have to be recorded solely by a girl police officer or any lady officer. Moreover, statements could also be recorded by audio-video digital means to make sure accuracy and transparency. This provision enhances sufferer safety, prevents intimidation, and ensures sensitivity in dealing with circumstances involving ladies.
9. The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Why Girls Should Know: Its rules stay essential for guaranteeing office equality.
- Part 4: Mandated that employers present equal pay for equal work, no matter gender.
- Part 5: Prohibited gender discrimination in recruitment and promotion.
No exemption from the Act may be claimed by an employer on the bottom of monetary incapability
10. Authorized Providers Authorities Act, 1987
Why Girls Should Know: Girls from marginalized communities usually wrestle to afford authorized illustration.
- Part 12: Grants free authorized assist to ladies, kids, and economically weaker sections
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